Abstract: The forging model for cold ROLLING is one of the ROLLING models which is used in ROLLING calculations. In this model, the final ROLLING pressure is an average value and it is not as accurate for actual and industrial cases. Also, by using forging model, friction hill curves are plotted due to the central point of ROLLING bite length while frictional stresses intersect at the neutral point of ROLLING bite. In this study, a new model based on the forging model is presented to determine the ROLLING pressure during cold ROLLING process for using in a reversing tandem mill, where this is called “Improved forging model”. In the proposed model, the intersection of the frictional forces is the neutral point. Finally, the computing results from this new model coincide well with the precedent investigations.

Obtaining temperature distribution data of slabs under ROLLING is essential as the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the metal under this process vary with temperature. Using the control volume method, a mathematical model is employed in this study to predict slab temperature in the hot roll process at Mobarakeh Steel Company. The effects of different parameters including the heat resulting from plastic deformation and slab material are investigated. Additionally, heat conduction along the ROLLING direction in the slab, ignored in most previous studies, is included in our investigation. The study indicates the importance of this term in the accuracy of the results obtained.

In this paper a new isolating system is introduced for short to mid-rise buildings. In comparison to conventional systems such as LRB and HRB, the proposed system has the advantage of no need to cutting edge technology and has low manufacturing cost. This system is made up of two orthogonal pairs of pillow-shaped rollers that are located between flat bed and plates. By using this system in two perpendicular directions, building can move in all horizontal directions with respect to its foundation. Due to the pillow shape of the roller, this system has self-centering capability which causes it to return to its original position after the earthquake. The ROLLING friction force between pillows and their bed creates some damping in the system which prevents it from further oscillation after earthquake excitations diminish. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the proposed ISOLATION system’s performance under different earthquake excitations. First of all general features of the proposed isolators have been introduced followed by the analytical equations of the system. Vertical bearing capacity and the effects of the thickness of pillows has been investigated using ABAQUS software. It has been shown that for a pair of pillows of 58 cm width, 45 cm height and 100 cm length the vertical load bearing capacity of the system is more than 300 tons. The period of system with respect to the height and radius of curvature of the rollers, and seismic response of a building, assumed as a rigid body resting on isolators, has been studied subjected to simultaneous effects of horizontal and vertical excitations. It has been shown that the proposed system can reduce the absolute acceleration in the building around 78% in average, while the building’s maximum displacement is around 1.77 times of the ground in average.